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CHAPTER ONE | |||
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In
those days when few people for various reasons could go to school and
job were waiting for individuals to qualify and take, there little need
for planning either in terms of what courses to take or in terms of what
type of job to do in future as occupation. Today the old education
system order has changed due to change in society. The present day
society is too complex and changes at a much faster rate than it was
before. This rate of change present a baffling situation for the young
ones in the society who have no experience. The choice of demand that
alternatively should be clear and the important aspect should be taken
into consideration in order that the decision process would be easier.
According
to Mankinde (1982), he observed that in a simple society with little
diversified choice of career, it does not require much specialized
assistance. Parents and friends and family could provide adequate advice
to someone who has to make a choice between several familiar options.
The restlessness common to youth today is indicative of the society is
complex and diverse. They are trying to understand their relationship
with this fact moving programme. As newsmen of at put “it is a genuine
desire to come to give with the underlying question in all human
enterprises. The meaning of life, what am here for, what can I do to
justify my existence. The present system of education in Nigeria which
is the 6-3-3-4 system is American in origin. This pattern of education
was into our society with its different culture of life and values and
this class of value has created immense problems in our effort to
develop a system suitable for our society. The history of applied
psychology has its roots in the rise of empirical science and the
increasing influence of a commercial industrial social class beginning
in the last 18th century. This development led to the need
for a more democratically based school system to train qualified worker
for the every-burgeoning industrial complex indeed, the demand for
workers in Nigeria was done among those that take the skills and the
need for personal to help channel these prospective workers into
increasingly complex job. The two significant events which occur in the
20th century marked the expansion of vocational and technical
guidance. The were the career in 1910 of the national conference on
vocational guidance. Association (Whifey, 1984). This marked the
beginning of vocational moment in Nigeria. However,
vocational guidance counselling started in Nigeria as far back as 1961
with the inauguration of the Ibadan career council, which later formed
the nucleus of what is known as the Nigeria career councils. The name
Nigeria career council was later changed in the year 1967.
There
was a general opinion amongst career counsellor that our youngsters
need constant guidance in the choice of occupation and the relevant
career choice it is common knowledge to find students choosing vocation
or occupation for which they have no aptitude but interest, such
students are likely to end up in failure and career frustration. Thus,
we have to live in ambiguity, uncertainty and value confusion. In other
words, the traditional road or signals of danger are all inadequate
today. The fact that personal conflicts or some other external obstacles
do constitute to these goals, how we handle these obstacles that they
do not develop into problem, require experience. The fact that guidance
scheme can over one tools such as knowledge of how to solve problems are
brought to bear on problems situations, the ability to make appropriate
choice and decision are increased to the utter satisfaction and
happiness of the individual. It is noticeable that many students have
gone through the years of school system without knowing and choosing the
appropriate subject that can lead them into the professional job,
further studies and career wrist to pursue. The question now is how can
we solve these problem which are affecting our students in their choice
of subject in the school system as the choice of subject leads to the
choice of career which in turn leads to the world of work in the career
which in turn lead to the world of work in the society and nation that
will eventually lead to building the personality of the individuals.
Career
plays a very fundamental and significant role in the life of the
individual not only because they determine the pattern of income but
also because they affect the individual personality and concepts in
life. Career therefore is a choose pursuit, life work or success in
one's profession, it is the sequence of major position occupied by a
person throughout his lifetime. In
a nutshell, career is the totality of work one does in his life time
and are person concerned. It is therefore a positive thing for one to
think as far as possible as it is enduring. Career choice is something
very hard to enter especially as ones life will depend on it.
Her
(1973) thus indicate that career is the totality of experience through
which one learn about and prepare to engage in work as part of his way
of living. Pietropesa and Splete (1975)
Stress career is an enjoying process that occurs over the life span and
includes homes, schools and community. Every human being needs to do
one job or the other to help contribute his quote to the development of
the country.
However,
career convention according to him is an instrument of career
information. This occurs for a number of reasons, which includes:
1. To stimulate career thinking and widen occupational horizon.
2. To focus attention on particular jobs in order to help an individual crystallizes his preference.
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3. To
create a situation in which parents can on one hand meet employers and
discuss the opportunities they offer and on the other hand meat the
career teachers oar career officers with whom they can exchange views.
Factor that may influence choice of career includes.
- Socio-economic factors
- Personal or family factors
- Cultural factors, which include schools, peer group, age group.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Students
which undergo problem of career often make their choice of career or
subject without adequate consideration of important factor such as
ability want and interest. Disillusionment could be avoided if the
students could be guided in their choice of careers. Guidance can only
be possible if the guidance counsellor can understand the aptitude
factors that the students choice of career.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The
purpose of this study is to find out the career aspiration of the
selected students in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State. The study
will also determine the factors affecting the choice of careers.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
study is aimed at eradicating the problem of choice of career amongst
students in the society. It would also give students a good direction
their year of study. The right choice of students so discover on time
whether the subjects they have chosen, and if they would be able to do
them, can meet their aspirations. Also the study will give educator good
understanding of the problems and it will enable them to help the
students make the right choice of career in which they have the aptitude
and ability. This will enable them to read just and cope with the
requirement for such career.
This
study will go a long way in making our policy make recognizance the
need for training more careers guidance counsellor for our students in
the society. Implementation of the recommendation which will be derived
from the study will enable students to develop some skills early enough
through vocational and technical training to enable the contribution to
economy development. As specialization is a criterion to high
productivity the nation would also benefit very much from the employment
of the right individuals in the right careers because there would be
increase in productivity, thus, the national manpower need would be
satisfied.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. The students aware of what career they are going into?
2. Are the students influenced by friends, parents, teachers, social status, prestige, socio-economic background?
3. What role do parents play in their children choice of career?
4. Whether a students ability in a particular subject aspect his choice of career?
5. Are the school giving the children a proper or adequate guidance and counselling service for their choice of career?
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The
perception of students (positive and negative) is fact all over the
nation. But this study restricted to selected schools in Egor Local
Government Area of Edo State
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Thursday 24 October 2013
FACTORS AFFECTING THE CHOICE OF CAREER AMONGST VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS
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